Macbeth
William Shakespeare
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Character Analysis: Fleance
Though given very few lines, Fleance’s role is much more significant thematically considering his direct link to prophecy within Macbeth. Banquo’s prophecy of “thou shalt get kings, though thou be none” can be interpreted as in direct reference to Fleance, being Banquo’s first and what can be assumed only son who will one day (somehow – Shakespeare leaves this ambiguous!) inherit the Scottish throne. As with all the prophecies in Macbeth, the interpretation that Fleance is to be king should be taken with a grain of salt, as he disappears from the play after death of his father and Malcolm becomes king of Scotland after defeating Macbeth. From an in-text context, the prophecy gives Fleance as much claim to the throne as Macbeth did when wrongly usurping Duncan. But it would defeat the purpose of the entire thematic meaning of the play if Fleance arises to the position of king using the unnatural means of prophecy after all the chaos that has been caused because of it. Instead it can be inferred that Fleance’s purpose was more political and as another example of the motif between fathers and sons. To explain the political purpose behind Fleance and the probable meaning of Banquo’s prophecy, it is best to link back to the context the play was written and performed in, as King James I of England was said to be descended from Banquo’s and Fleance’s line. By including this direct link to his linage, Shakespeare ensured the favour of his patron and king, and served to continue the absolute nature of prophecy and destiny. It should also be said that Fleance’s escape, is one of the major causes of Macbeth’s paranoia and the stress induced by the situation could have caused the hallucination of Banquo’s ghost, if that interpretation of events is to be believed.
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Macbeth
Sample Essay
Set in medieval Scotland, Macbeth’s story begins as it ends: with Scotland at war and foul play in the air. Opening in the midst of a storm, three mysterious witches meet and plot their dark plan involving a man known as
Macbeth, who is kin to the king of Scotland, Duncan. Macbeth’s title is Thane of Glamis, and he is a highly capable warrior, as seen when it is revealed Macbeth has succeeded in ending the rebellion against Duncan’s rule.
After the battle, Macbeth and his fellow thane Banquo encounter the three mysterious witches who begin to tell prophecies of great fortune to both men. To Macbeth they tell of a great rise to power, promising him that he will first become Thane of Cawdor and then eventually king of Scotland. They also tell Banquo that although he will not be king, his line will beget kings. The witches vanish into thin air, and Macbeth and Banquo doubt what they have been told until a messenger from King Duncan confirms Macbeth as the new Thane of Cawdor after the previous thane died in the rebellion. Now believing wholeheartedly in the prophecy, Macbeth he agrees to Duncan’s request to host a feast at Macbeth’s castle at Inverness where Lady Macbeth receives the news and begins to plot her and her husband’s ambitious ascent.
Once the royal party arrives, Lady Macbeth conspires with her husband to murder Duncan and take his place as king, at first admonishing Macbeth for his reluctance to fulfil his ambition. During the night while the King is sleeping, Macbeth sneaks into his chamber and murders him.
The next morning, in the presence of lords, Macbeth blames the King’s death on two drunk servants who Macbeth kills to hide his guilt. Noting the absence of the King’s sons Malcolm and Donalbain, Macbeth shifts blame upon them and declares himself as the rightful king of Scotland, thus fulfilling the prophecy.
Yet as swift as Macbeth’s rise to power is, his downfall is equally abrupt. To secure his power, and with the death of King Duncan still being seen as suspicious, Macbeth begins to fear Banquo’s side of the prophecy, since he assumes Banquo’s sons will one day kill him to take the throne. After Banquo and his son leave Macbeth’s castle one night, the new king hires murderers to slay Banquo and his son Fleance. Only succeeding in killing Banquo, Macbeth briefly feels at peace until the ghost of Banquo appears at a feast sitting in Macbeth’s chair, only seen by Macbeth himself. Madly raving at thin air, more suspicion grows as Macbeth begins to descend deeper into paranoia. Once again he consults the witches, who tell him to beware of the thane Macduff. However, they seemingly allay his worries, promising that no mortal man born from a woman can kill Macbeth, and that he will not be defeated until the forest of Birnam Wood moves upon his castle. Satisfied, Macbeth sends more murderers to kill Macduff’s wife and children. Meanwhile, Macduff meets with Prince Malcolm who leads an English army to defeat Macbeth and claim his rightful throne. Using branches from Birnam Wood to disguise themselves, the army sneaks upon Macbeth’s castle, as more and more men abandon him.
Lady Macbeth, delusional from guilt, mysteriously dies (though it is heavily implied that she commits suicide), and Macbeth laments the folly of his ambition. Meeting Macduff in battle, Macbeth brags he is invincible as no man is not born from a woman can kill him... until Macduff reveals he was taken from his mother’s womb (i.e. a cesarean birth), and Macduff subsequently beheads Macbeth. Presenting the head to Malcolm, the young prince is then decreed as the new king of Scotland.
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